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pbi-ide/help/BasicStampHelp/Content/LanguageTopics/Reference/Operators.htm

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<head><title>PBASIC Operators</title>
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<div class="MCBreadcrumbsBox_0"><span class="MCBreadcrumbsPrefix">You are here: </span><a class="MCBreadcrumbsLink" href="AlphaRef.htm">PBASIC Language Reference</a><span class="MCBreadcrumbsDivider"> &gt; </span><span class="MCBreadcrumbs">PBASIC Operators</span>
</div>
<h1>PBASIC Operators</h1>
<p>
<img src="../../graphics/pgm_icon1.gif" border="0" alt="" />
<img src="../../graphics/pgm_icon2.gif" border="0" alt="" />
<img src="../../graphics/pgm_icon2e.gif" border="0" alt="" />
<img src="../../graphics/pgm_icon2sx.gif" border="0" alt="" />
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</p>
<p>&#160;</p>
<p class="PlainText">(See <a href="OpsPrecedence.htm" target="" title="" alt="" class="MCXref_0">Operator Precedence</a> for details of the sequence in which expression operators are evaluated.)</p>
<h2>Binary and Unary Operators</h2>
<p class="PlainText">There are two types of operators in PBASIC, binary operators which require two arguments (such as the addition operator in 2 + 3) and unary operators which require one argument (such as the negate operator in -5). All the PBASIC operators are shown below, grouped under binary operators or unary operators. Click on any operator to see a full description on the Binary Operator or Unary Operator page.</p>
<h2>Notes about the 16-bit workspace</h2>
<p class="PlainText">Many of the operator descriptions will say something like "computes (some function) of a 16-bit number." This does not mean that the operator does not work on smaller byte or nibble values, but rather that the computation is done in a 16-bit workspace. If the value is smaller than 16 bits, the BASIC Stamp pads it with leading 0s to make a 16-bit value. If the 16-bit result of a calculation is to be packed into a smaller variable, the higher-order bits are discarded (truncated).</p>
<table cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" border="0">
<tr>
<td colspan="5"><a href="Ops_bi.htm" target="" title="" alt="" class="MCXref_0">Binary Operators</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="10">&#160;</td>
<td width="55">• <a href="Ops_bi.htm#addition">+</a></td>
<td width="90" align="absmiddle">
<img src="../../graphics/stamp_all.gif" />
</td>
<td width="15">&#160;</td>
<td><a href="Ops_bi.htm#addition">Addition</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td>• <a href="Ops_bi.htm#subtraction">-</a></td>
<td>
<img align="absmiddle" src="../../graphics/stamp_all.gif" />
</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td><a href="Ops_bi.htm#subtraction">Subtraction</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td>• <a href="Ops_bi.htm#multiply">*</a></td>
<td>
<img align="absmiddle" src="../../graphics/stamp_all.gif" />
</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td><a href="Ops_bi.htm#multiply">Multiplication</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td>• <a href="Ops_bi.htm#multi-high">**</a></td>
<td>
<img align="absmiddle" src="../../graphics/stamp_all.gif" />
</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td><a href="Ops_bi.htm#multi-high">Multiply High (Return Upper 16 Bits)</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td>• <a href="Ops_bi.htm#multi-mid">*/</a></td>
<td>
<img align="absmiddle" src="../../graphics/stamp_2family.gif" />
</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td><a href="Ops_bi.htm#multi-mid">Multiply Middle (Return Middle 16 Bits)</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td>• <a href="Ops_bi.htm#divide">/</a></td>
<td>
<img align="absmiddle" src="../../graphics/stamp_all.gif" />
</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td><a href="Ops_bi.htm#divide">Division</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td>• <a href="Ops_bi.htm#modulus">//</a></td>
<td>
<img align="absmiddle" src="../../graphics/stamp_all.gif" />
</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td><a href="Ops_bi.htm#modulus">Modulus (Remainder of Division)</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td>• <a href="Ops_bi.htm#limit-min">MIN</a></td>
<td>
<img align="absmiddle" src="../../graphics/stamp_all.gif" />
</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td><a href="Ops_bi.htm#limit-min">Limit a Value to Specified Low</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td>• <a href="Ops_bi.htm#limit-max">MAX</a></td>
<td>
<img align="absmiddle" src="../../graphics/stamp_all.gif" />
</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td><a href="Ops_bi.htm#limit-max">Limit a Value to Specified High</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td>• <a href="Ops_bi.htm#digit">DIG</a></td>
<td>
<img align="absmiddle" src="../../graphics/stamp_2family.gif" />
</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td><a href="Ops_bi.htm#digit">Return Specified Digit of Number</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td>• <a href="Ops_bi.htm#reverse">REV</a></td>
<td>
<img align="absmiddle" src="../../graphics/stamp_2family.gif" />
</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td><a href="Ops_bi.htm#reverse">Reverse Specified Number of Bits</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td>• <a href="Ops_bi.htm#shfitleft">&lt;&lt;</a></td>
<td>
<img align="absmiddle" src="../../graphics/stamp_2family.gif" />
</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td><a href="Ops_bi.htm#shfitleft">Shift Bits Left by Specified Amount</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td>• <a href="Ops_bi.htm#shiftright">&gt;&gt;</a></td>
<td>
<img align="absmiddle" src="../../graphics/stamp_2family.gif" />
</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td><a href="Ops_bi.htm#shiftright">Shift Bits Right by Specified Amount</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td>• <a href="Ops_bi.htm#bitwiseand">&amp;</a></td>
<td>
<img align="absmiddle" src="../../graphics/stamp_all.gif" />
</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td><a href="Ops_bi.htm#bitwiseand">Bitwise AND</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td>• <a href="Ops_bi.htm#bitwiseor">|</a></td>
<td>
<img align="absmiddle" src="../../graphics/stamp_all.gif" />
</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td><a href="Ops_bi.htm#bitwiseor">Bitwise OR</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td>• <a href="Ops_bi.htm#bitwisexor">^</a></td>
<td>
<img align="absmiddle" src="../../graphics/stamp_all.gif" />
</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td><a href="Ops_bi.htm#bitwisexor">Bitwise XOR</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td>• <a href="Ops_bi.htm#andnot">&amp;/</a></td>
<td>
<img align="absmiddle" src="../../graphics/stamp_1.gif" />
</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td><a href="Ops_bi.htm#andnot">Bitwise AND NOT</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td>• <a href="Ops_bi.htm#ornot">|/</a></td>
<td>
<img align="absmiddle" src="../../graphics/stamp_1.gif" />
</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td><a href="Ops_bi.htm#ornot">Bitwise OR NOT</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td>• <a href="Ops_bi.htm#xornot">^/</a></td>
<td>
<img align="absmiddle" src="../../graphics/stamp_1.gif" />
</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td><a href="Ops_bi.htm#xornot">Bitwise XOR NOT</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td>• <a href="Ops_bi.htm#and">AND</a></td>
<td>
<img align="absmiddle" src="../../graphics/stamp_all.gif" />
</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td><a href="Ops_bi.htm#and">Logical AND</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td>• <a href="Ops_bi.htm#or">OR</a></td>
<td>
<img align="absmiddle" src="../../graphics/stamp_all.gif" />
</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td><a href="Ops_bi.htm#or">Logical OR</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td>• <a href="Ops_bi.htm#xor">XOR</a></td>
<td>
<img align="absmiddle" src="../../graphics/stamp_all.gif" />
</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td><a href="Ops_bi.htm#xor">Logical XOR</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td>• <a href="Ops_bi.htm#arctan">ATN</a></td>
<td>
<img align="absmiddle" src="../../graphics/stamp_2family.gif" />
</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td><a href="Ops_bi.htm#arctan">Return Arctangent of Vector</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td>• <a href="Ops_bi.htm#hypot">HYP</a></td>
<td>
<img align="absmiddle" src="../../graphics/stamp_2family.gif" />
</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td><a href="Ops_bi.htm#hypot">Return Hypotenuse</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="5">&#160;</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="5"><a href="Ops_uni.htm" target="" title="" alt="" class="MCXref_0">Unary Operators</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td>• <a href="Ops_uni.htm#absval">ABS</a></td>
<td>
<img align="absmiddle" src="../../graphics/stamp_2family.gif" />
</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td><a href="Ops_uni.htm#absval">Return Absolute Value</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td>• <a href="Ops_uni.htm#negative">-</a></td>
<td>
<img align="absmiddle" src="../../graphics/stamp_all.gif" />
</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td><a href="Ops_uni.htm#negative">Negate</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td>• <a href="Ops_uni.htm#invert">~</a></td>
<td>
<img align="absmiddle" src="../../graphics/stamp_2family.gif" />
</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td><a href="Ops_uni.htm#invert">Bitwise Inverse</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td>• <a href="Ops_uni.htm#dcd">DCD</a></td>
<td>
<img align="absmiddle" src="../../graphics/stamp_2family.gif" />
</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td><a href="Ops_uni.htm#dcd">2<sup>n</sup>-power Decoder</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td>• <a href="Ops_uni.htm#ncd">NCD</a></td>
<td>
<img align="absmiddle" src="../../graphics/stamp_2family.gif" />
</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td><a href="Ops_uni.htm#ncd">Priority Encoder of 16-bit Value</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td>• <a href="Ops_uni.htm#sine">SIN</a></td>
<td>
<img align="absmiddle" src="../../graphics/stamp_2family.gif" />
</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td><a href="Ops_uni.htm#sine">Return (signed) Sine Value of Angle</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td>• <a href="Ops_uni.htm#cosine">COS</a></td>
<td>
<img align="absmiddle" src="../../graphics/stamp_2family.gif" />
</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td><a href="Ops_uni.htm#cosine">Return (signed) Cosine Value of Angle</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td>• <a href="Ops_uni.htm#square">SQR</a></td>
<td>
<img align="absmiddle" src="../../graphics/stamp_2family.gif" />
</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td><a href="Ops_uni.htm#square">Return Square Root of value</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td>• <a href="Ops_uni.htm#not">NOT</a></td>
<td>
<img align="absmiddle" src="../../graphics/stamp_2family.gif" />
</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td><a href="Ops_uni.htm#not">Logical NOT</a>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<p>&#160;</p>
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